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ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">智慧,是人的知识、胆识、意识与把握客观世界相结合的结果。知识,学识的深厚、广博是基础,胆识是视野、胸怀、气质、判断、能力结合升华,帷幄运畴才能的表现。下面小编给大家分享一些七年级下册英语仁爱版知识,希望能够帮助大家,欢迎阅读!
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ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">重点句型
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">1. What day is it today?---It’s Sunday. (在英语国家每周的第一天是星期天而不是星期一)
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">2. What class are they having? They are having a music class.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">3. What time does the class begin? At ten o’clock.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">4. What do you think of math? = How do you like math ? 你认为数学怎么样?
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">----It’s difficult and boring.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">5. Why (为什么)do you like English ? Because(因为)it’s easy and interesting.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">7. What subject (学科)do you like best ? I like history best.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">8. At school, my teachers and classmates are very friendly to me.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">9. I study Chinese, English, politics, geography and some other subjects.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">(other泛指其他的,别的+ 名词复数 another 泛指又一个、再一个、另一个+名词单数
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">the other 两者中的另一个)
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">10. English is my favorite subject.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">11. I also like P.E and music. = I like P.E and music , too. (也)
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">12. Can you tell me something about it?
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">重点详解
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">1. 询问星期几用What day…?回答:It’s Wednesday/Sunday…。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">与what有关的短语:what class什么班 what color什么颜色what time几点
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">What’s the date…? 是对日期(几号)的提问。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">What day is it today? —It’s Monday.问星期
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">What’s the date today?—It’s the May 1st.问具体日期。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">What do you do?—I’m a teacher.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">What does he look like?—He is tall/He has a small mouth.问外貌
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">What’s she like?—She is kind/friendly..问性格。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">2. How many+可数名词的复数形式;How much+不可数名词。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">How many lessons does he have every weekday?
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">3. in+时间段(in the morning/afternoon/evening
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">季节/月份/年份前也用in:in Spring/in October/in September,2008)
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">in用于泛指一天的上午,下午,晚上等,也用于某个较长的时间,如年,月,季节等
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">at+时间点[钟点时(刻)(at 6 o’clock)
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">at noon at night at midnight at this time of the day
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">on+具体时间(具体日期、节日前on Sep 10th/Women’s Day/rainy Day)
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">在星期几常用on,在具体点钟前用at.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">4. What do you think of …? = How do you like…?你认为……怎么样?
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">What one’s favorite…? = What does sb. like best? 某人最喜欢什么?
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">Which subject do you like best?你最喜欢什么科目?
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">5. Why do you like it? 你为什么喜欢它?
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">--Because it’s easy and interesting.因为它简单而有趣。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">用why提问必须用because回答。Why? ----Because it’s interesting.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">如果表示你为什么不用 Why not…? 或Why don’t you…?
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">6. be friendly to sb. 对某人友好 My teachers are very friendly to me.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">注: friendly是形容词 “友好的”“友善的”,而不是副词。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">7. a lot = much“许多”,后接宾语时要说a lot of 也可以表示“非常,十分”。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">I can learn a lot from it.我能从中学到很多东西。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">11. You must like English very much. 你一定非常喜欢英语。must在这里表示肯定推测。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">12. It’s time for (doing) sth= it’s time to do sth. 该做某事了
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">It’s time for class.上课的时间到了.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">13.can+动词原形,它不随主语和数而变化。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">(1)含有can的肯定句:主语+can+谓语动词的原形+其他。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">(2)变一般疑问句时,把can提前:Can+主语+动词原形+其他?
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">肯定回答:Yes,主语+can。否定回答:No,主语+can't.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">(3)含有can的否定句:主语+can't+动词的原形+其他。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">(4)含有can的特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+can+主语+动词原形+其他?
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">(5)Must 侧重于说话者的主观看法,认为有必要或有义务做某事,只有现在时一种形式,
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">否定式must’t意为“一定不要,不允许,禁止”反意词为“needn’t”。
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ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">重点句型
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">1. What are you doing? ---- He is cleaning the dormitory.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">2. Are you doing your homework? Yes, I am./No, I am not.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">3. How long can I keep them? Two weeks.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">4. Thank you. ---It’s a pleasure. = A pleasure = My pleasure. 别客气。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">5. Sorry, I don’t have any. Thank you all the same. 仍然感谢你。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">重点详解
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">3. 巧辩异同some, a few 与a little“一些,有些”三者都修饰名词。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">some既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">We want some apples and some water.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">a few用在可数名词复数之前
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">a little用在不可数名词之前。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">There are a few books and a little water in the classroom.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">4. 与how相关的短语
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">how often多常 how many多少 how much多少钱 how old多少岁
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">5. And you must return them on time.你必须按时归还它们。Return意为“归还,回归”
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">① return sth. to sb.把某物归还某人=give back sth. to sb.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">② return to“回到…”,相当于come back to…
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">6. talk“交谈”,常用的短语talk to/with sb.“与某人交谈”
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">Maria and a girl are talking at the lost and found.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">巧辩异同talk, say, speak与tell
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">(1) talk“交谈”,表示通过谈话方式交换意见、消息等。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">(2) speak“说话”,强调开口发声,后常接某种语言。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">(3) say “说”,强调所说的话的内容。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">(4) tell“告诉”,有时兼含“嘱咐”“命令”等。tell a truth说真话,tell a lie说谎,
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">tell a story 讲故事等固定搭配。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">7.look for“寻找”,强调寻找的过程;
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">find“找到” 发现,强调找的结果。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">I can’t find my purse and I am looking for it.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">8. Read, see ,look and watch
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">look(at) 看,表动作,不及物动词,后面需加介词at才能跟宾语,指看的动作,
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">see 看见,指看的结果,
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">read常指看书、看报纸等,表示阅读
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">watch看比赛、电视
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">填空 I can an apple on the table。 I want to the film with you。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">! there is a kite flying in the sky。 Please the blackboard carefully。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">TV too much is bad for your health。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">9. 双重所有格: Here are some photos of his.这有他的一些照片。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">a friend of mine我的一个朋友 a classmate of my brother’s我弟弟的一个同学
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">10. 巧辩异同 also与tooalso放在句中,too用于句末。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">also意为“也”,常用于be动词和情态动词后面,实义动词的前面。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">e.g Helen is also a student. I have long hair and she has long hair, too。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">11. borrow:指主语借入 borrow sth. from sb.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">e.g You can borrow this book from the library. May I borrow your eraser?
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">lend: 指主语借出 lend sth. to sb. / lend sb. sth.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">e.g Can you lend your car to me? They often lend us their ball.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">keep 和 borrow, lend 的意思一样,都是表示借的意思, 区别是borrow和lend是
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">瞬间动词/,短暂性动词,不能跟一段时间连用,而keep是延续性动词,表示借一段时间,
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">后常跟一段时间
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">e.g You may keep this book for two weeks.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">borrow借进 lend借出 keep借多久
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">14. on time: 准时,强调不早不迟到达 e.g We must go to work on time.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">in time: 及时,强调在规定的时间以前到达 The students can get there in time.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">15. Japanese: adj 日本的,日本人的,日语的 n.日本人,日语
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">当Japanese表示日本人时,是可数名词,单复数同形(与Chinese用法相同)
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">e.g Two Japanese and three Chinese are swimming in the swimming pool.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">重要句型总结
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">1. What’s in+sth 表示哪里有什么东西 e.g What’s in your purse? 钱包里有什么东西?
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">2. What else 还有别的什么么? else: 别的,其它的 What else do you have?
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">Who else还有别的什么人么?
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">Where else 还有别的什么地方么?
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">else除了可以放在疑问词what,who, where等后面,还可以放在不定代词something, anything, nothing, somebody, anybody, nobody后面
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">e.g I don’t have anything else to do. I can’t see anybody else in the room.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">3. Here are some photos of his.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">名词+Of+名词性物主代词/名词所有格----双重所有格
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">e.g a friend of Sam’s 萨姆的一个朋友 a friend of mine 我的一个朋友
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">4. love doing sth习惯性的爱好和习惯
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">love to do sth一次性的动作或目前想做的事
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">e.g She loves reading in bed. I love to go swimming today.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">“Like+动词ing”表示“喜欢做某事” I like playing basketball.Tom likes listeningto music.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">“Like+to+动词”也表示“喜欢做某事”,只是“Like+动词ing”表示习惯性动作
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">(也可以说是爱好), 而“Like+to+动词”表示一次性或短暂性的
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">Our PE teacher likesswimming.( 表示爱好)
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">He likes playing basketball,but today he doesn't like to play basketball.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">他爱好打篮球(爱好),但是今天他没去打篮球(短暂性的)。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">现在进行时
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">语法讲解
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">1.现在进行时表示:
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">(1) 现在进行时表示正在发生或进行的动作,可与now=at the moment现在, look看,listen听等时间状语连用 e.g I’m reading a book now.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">(2) 现在进行时表示当前一段时间内一直进行的动作
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">e.g They’re working on a farm this week.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">(3) 某些行为动词的现在进行时形式可以表示将来,常常有意图,安排或打算的含义,并且可与表将来的时间状语连用,到目前我们所学的这类动词有come, go, fly, return
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">e.g They are flying to London this afternoon.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">We are going to Hong Kong tomorrow. Steve is coming tomorrow evening.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">2.常用的时间状语:now, at the moment, look, listen等。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">3.谓语动词构成:be(am/is/are)+v.-ing形式。
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ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">重点句型
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">1. Happy New Year! 回答:The same to you. Merry Christmas!回答:The same to you.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">2. Your new bike looks very nice. ---Thank you.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">3. How do you usually come to school? —I usually come to school by subway.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">4. 问频率:How often do you go to the library? “多久...一次?”
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">5. —Once/Twice/Three times a week/Very often/Every day/Seldom
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">6. The early bird catches the worm. (谚语) 笨鸟先飞
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">7. At a quarter past five,she takes the subway home.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">8. Classes begin at eight. =Class begins at eight.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">9. What time does the class begin? / What time do the classes begin?
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">10. We have no more time. 我们没有更多的时间了。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">11. I have four classes in the morning and two in the afternoon. 我早上上四节课,下午上两节。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">12. She goes to bed at about a quarter to ten. 她九点四十五分睡觉。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">重点详解
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">1. by+交通工具,表示使用某种交通方式,中间不加限定词,如果交通工具前有a, the, my 等
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">限定词,就不能用by,而是take. 最新学的:by +动词ing形式,表示通过某种方式做....
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">乘坐交通工具:by +交通工具(go to...by car/bus/train/ship/plane)
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">take the/a+交通工具(take a bus/car/train take the subway )
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">I always come to school by bus.我总是坐公交来上学。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">People show love for their mothers by giving cards.人们通过给卡片的方式表达他们对母亲的敬爱。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">You can be a good student by working hard. 你可以通过努力学习成为一个好学生。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">巧辩异同on foot 与 walk on foot “走路”,是介词短语,不能作谓语,要用go to...on foot.就等于walk “走路”,是动词,可以作谓语。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">take a bus = go to…by bus ride a bike = go to…by bike
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">take the subway = go to…by subway
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">go to…on foot= walk to I often go to school on foot. =I often walk to school.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">go to … by plane = fly to go to … by car = drive a car to...
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">2. It’s time for sth. “该做某事了”=It’s time to do sth.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">It’s time for class. =It’s time to have class. =It’s time for having class.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">3. look +adj (look感官动词,系动词) 看起来...
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">His mother looks very young. They look very cute.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">Her dress looks very nice. You look very cool in this coat.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">look的短语: look the same看起来一样 look like看起来像……
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">look for寻找 look after 照顾,照料 look at =have a look at 看...(at不能掉)
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">4. do one’s homework 做家庭作业(注:one’s 要随主语的变化而变化,常用形容词性物主代词my, your, their, our, his, her等)。 do my homework at school 在学校做作业
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">5. want to do sth. “想做某事”,want 后接动词不定式一定不能忘记to。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">know about “了解,知道关于…”。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">we want to know about the school life of American students.我们想了解一下美国学生的学校生活。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">6. 巧辩异同
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">a few+可数名词 (肯定);一点,一些; few+可数名词:(否定)很少,几乎没有
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">a little+不可数名词(肯定);一点,一些; little +不可数名词:(否定)很少,几乎没有
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">little和few作形容词用,都表示“几乎没有”,强调少; a little和a few强调有一些。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">e.g.He has a few friends. 他有几个朋友。 He has few friends. 他几乎没有朋友。 e.g. I can speak only a little Chinese. They has little money. 他们没有什麽钱 a little 与 little 也可以用作副词, 表示“有点”“稍稍” 表示“很少” e.g. Can you speak English? ---Yes, but only a little. 7. go+v.-ing 表示去做某事,类似: go fishing 去钓鱼 go shopping 去买东西 go traveling 去旅游
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">go swimming 去游泳
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">8. (1). How often 多久一次(对频度进行提问)
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">答语常用频度副词always> usually>often> sometimes>seldom>never等或单位时间内
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">的次数,表示频率的短语:次数+单位时间
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">e.g. : once a week一周一次 twice a month每月两次three times a year每年三次
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">How often do you go to the library? 你多久去一次图书馆?
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">--once/twice/three times/four times a week/month/year
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">(2).How far多远(表示距离)How far is it from here to the zoo? --It’s 6 kilometers.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">(3).How long多长(对时间进行提问,持续多长时间(多久)/东西的长度(多长)
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">How long did he stay here? About two weeks./For two weeks.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">How long is the river? About 500 km.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">How long can I keep it? One week.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">9. over (形容词) School / Class is over. What time is the class over?
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">10. begin 现在分词: beginning 过去式: began What time does the class begin?
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">begin to do sth begin doing sth 开始做某事=start to do sth=start doing sth
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">He begins to write a letter. =He begins writing a letter.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">11. listen to 听(动作) listen to music、listen to the song (to不能忘)
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">冠词用法
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">1. 弹乐器前要带定冠词the,而进行球类运动则不带the。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">play +棋类/球类/牌 下……棋,打……球 play soccer/basketball
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">play the +西洋乐器 弹/拉……乐器 play the guitar/piano
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">2.序数词,前面要用定冠词the。on the second floor
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">3.三餐前面不用冠词。 have breakfast/lunch/supper
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">一般现在时
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">语法讲解
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">一般现在时表示:(常与频度副词never, seldom, sometimes, often,usually, always等连用)
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">(1)现在所处的状态。Jane is at school.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">(2)经常或习惯性的动作。I often go to school by bus.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">(3)主语具备的性格和能力。He likes playing football.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">(4)客观真理。The earth goes round the sun.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">常用的时间状语:often, always, usually, sometimes, every day等等。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">行为动词的一般现在时,助动词是do/don’t和does/doesn’t.当主语是第一、二人称和所有复数形式时,行为动词用原形。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">肯定式:I go to school on foot. 否定式:I don’t go to school on foot.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">疑问式:Do you go to school on foot? —Yes, I do. —No, I don’t.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">当主语是第三人称单数时,动词用第三人称单数形式,在词尾加-s或-es。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">肯定式:He goes to work by bus. 否定式:He doesn’t go to work by bus.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">疑问式:Does he go to work by bus? —Yes, he does. —No, he doesn’t.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">重点句型
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">1. What’s your home like? 你的家是什么样的?--It’s an apartment building. 它是一栋公寓楼。 They live in a big farmhouse in the country. 他们住在农村的农舍里。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">2. What’s the matter?
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">3. I’ll get someone to check it right now. 我马上派人去检查。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">4. There is something wrong with my kitchen fan.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">5. There are many houses with big yards in the suburbs.郊区有许多带着大院子的房子。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">6. What kind of home do you live in? 你住在什么样的房子里?
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">7. I ‘m afraid it’s too loud. 恐怕声音有点大---I’ m really sorry about that.我真的对此很抱歉。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">重点讲解
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">1. What be +…..like? 询问某人某物情况或者状况的句型。What’s your home like?
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">like 动词 “喜欢”,介词“像”。be like像和look like看起来像。be like 主要用来询问人的性格、外貌和事物特征。Look like 主要用来询问外貌。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">What do(does) ……look like?询问外貌。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">2. for rent 出租。wanted求租.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">rent sth to sb 把某物租给某人 rent sth from sb 从某人处租某物。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">3. with “有,带有”。 A house with three bedrooms.有三间卧室的房子。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">with还可以意为“和(某人/某物)在一起”
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">4. apartment for a family of two.适合两口之家的公寓。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">(1) for表示“给……”表示目的或功能。后接物主代词或名词,但通常带’s.或者后接表示无生命物体的名词。Here is a letter for you.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">(2)of的含义为“属于某人/某事物”。She is a friend of Lily’s. = Shes is Lily’s friend.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">5. What’s the matter?怎么了?= What’s wrong? 常用来询问某人或某物出了什么什么问题或毛病 What’s the matter with (sb./sth.)?= What’s up with…?
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">= What’s wrong with….?…有什么事?
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">There is something wrong with sb./sth.某人或某物出问题/有毛病了。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">My kitchen fan doesn't work. 我家厨房的排气扇坏了。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">= There is something wrong with my kitchen fan.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">= Something is wrong with my kitchen fan.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">6. There are no houses on the right. = There aren’t any houses….
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">(no后可以加可数和不可数名词= not any后加不可数名词或者可数名词复数 / not a 后加可数名词单数)
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">7. a lot of = lots of许多 后接可数名词,相当于many;
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">后接不可数名词,相当于much,用于肯定句中;
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">但如果是否定句,常用many或much.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">There are a lot of tall buildings and small gardens in our community.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">在我们的社区里有许多高楼和小花园。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">8. be far from… 离……远(抽象距离)My school is not far from the bookstore.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">be…away from…离……远(具体距离)The sea is 2 miles away from the hotel.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">be close to…离……近。close 与near 都有“靠近”的意思,但close 比near 更近。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">Many shops and restaurants are close to my home .
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">9. 派某人去做某事 = ask sb to do sth.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">someone=somebody某人 right now= at once= right away马上,立刻
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">10. We can call it for help. call sb for sth/ doing sth. 我们可以打电话向它求救。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">11. Are there many people living near your home? 有许多人住在你家附近吗?
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">(there be +sb.+doing sth表示某地有某人在做什么)
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">People 没有复数,表示人们,做主语是be动词用are
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">12. Many people are moving from cities to the countryside. 许多人正从城市搬迁到农村。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">(move to …., move from ….to ….从…..搬到、移动到…..)
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">13. The traffic is heavy and the cost of living is high. 交通拥挤,生活开销高。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">cost 在这做名词,做动词时,主语是物,句型 sth. cost sb some money
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">e.g. The rose costs me 10 yuan.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">traffic 不可数名词,be动词用单数,
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">交通量的大小用heavy/busy和little/ a little 修饰。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">There be…用法
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">重点语法
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">There be 句型表示“某处存在某物或某人,表示一种客观存在,
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">而have“有”,表示“某人拥有某物/某人”表主观拥有,其主语是人。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">There is a dog in the picture. The dog has two big eyes.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">当have表示“包括”、“存在”的含义时,There be 句型与其可互换。eg. A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">肯定句:There is a computer in your study.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">否定句--在“be”后加“not”: There isn’t a computer in your study.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">一般疑问句--将“be”提到“there”之前: Is there a computer in your study?
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">----Yes, there is./ No, there isn’t.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">特殊疑问句:There be句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化: ① 对主语提问:当主语是人时,用"Who's+介词短语?";
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">当主语是物时,用"What's + 介词短语?"。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">注:无论原句的主语是单数还是复数,对之提问时一般都用is(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如: There are many things over there. →What's over there? There is a little girl in the room. →Who is in the room? ② 对地点状语提问:提问地点用"Where is / are+主语?"
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">“There + be+主语+地点状语”表示“某处有某物”;
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">例: There is a computer on the desk. → Where is the computer? There are four children on the playground. →Where are the four children?
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">地点状语也可放在句首,有时可用“,”与后面的部分隔开。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">There are some pictures on the wall.=On the wall, there are some pictures.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">③ 对数量提问:一般有两种句型结构: How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语? How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语?
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">there be 遵循就近原则。There be如果后面接两个名词作主语,那么“be”的人称和数与邻 近的名词一致。即be 用is还是are,取决于离该动词最近的那个名词。如果该名词是单数或不可数名词就用is,如果是复数就用are。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">★就近原则: There is a lamp , a computer, some books and so on.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">There are two boys and a girl under the tree.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">重点句型 There are two bedrooms and a a small study.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">There is a lamp, a computer, some books and so on.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">—Is there a computer in your study? —Yes, there is.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">Don't put them here. Put them away.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">There are many beautiful flowers in the garden,
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">but there aren’t any trees in it. 花园里有许多漂亮的花,但是却没有树。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">重点讲解
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">1.It’s on the second floor. 在哪一层楼,用介词on。on表示在……上面。second是序数词,
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">前面要用定冠词the, 意为第二(的)。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">on the first floor美式英语一楼floor地板,此处指“楼房的层”。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">英式英语用the ground floor 表示一楼
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">巧辩异同 two与second
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">two是基数词,second是序数词,“第二”或“第二的”,指排列顺序。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">2. have a look看看。后面接名词时要用at. 如have a look at your watch.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">3. put away 把……放好
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">Don’t put them here. Put them away.别把它们放在这儿,请收起来放好。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">4. look after“保管,照顾”,相当于take care of.‘’
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">look at看…… look like看起来像…… look for寻找 look the same看起来一样
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">You must look after your things.你必须保管好你的东西。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">5. like to do sth 和 like doing sth的区别 二者都表示"喜欢做某事",
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">A. like doing sth表示长时间的喜欢做某事,指兴趣爱好。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">在意义上比较一般和抽象,时间观念不强,不指某一次动作;例: She likes swimming.她喜欢游泳。(经常性的,爱好) I like eating fish .(我喜欢吃鱼,个人口味而已,一种爱好,喜欢) I love playing on the computer in the study. 我喜欢在书房玩电脑。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">(love doing sth.=like doing sth. 喜欢做某事)
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">B. like to do sth 则常指某个具体的动作,表示偶尔一次喜欢做某事、或者突然喜欢干某事。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">与love to do相似 C. like to do sth 想去做某事(表示有个趋向性,好像是要到某处去做某事)
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">如: She likes to swim this afternoon.她今天下午想游泳。(特指某一次的动作)
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">另外,在搭配(使用方法)上,“ like to do ”一般与 “ would ” 搭配表示意愿。 例: I would like to swim with you . 我愿意和你去游泳。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">Would you like to skate ? 你愿意去滑冰吗?
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">6. get a letter from sb. 收到某人的来信=hear from sb.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">7. Welcome to my new home.【home作n.】 (对比Welcome home 欢迎回家【home作adv.】)
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">8. so/too many+可数名词复数=many eg: There are so many books in the desk.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">so/too much+不可数名词 =much There is so much water in the river.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">9. 方位短语:in the center of=in the middle of在...中间
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">in front of 在...前面(外部)in the front of(内部)在...前面
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">at the back of 在...后面
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">on the left/right of在...的左边/右边
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">next to 紧邻
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">10. go up”沿着“指往北走,或从小地方往大地方走
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">go down往南走,从大地方向小地方去
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">go along “沿着...往前一直走”
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">go across 越过、穿过、横穿(go across the bridge)
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">11. a ticket for+n/ving eg: a ticket for parking.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">13.肯定的祈使句:(1) 实义动词原形+其他; (2) be动词原形+形容词+其他; (3) Let sb do sth.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">否定的祈使句:(1) Don’t+实义动词+原形;(2) Don’t be+形容词+其他;
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">(3) Don’t let sb do sth (4) No+Ving.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">练:(1) My mother said to me, “Tom, _______ in bed.”
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">A. not read B. doesn’t read C. don’t read D. didn’t read
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">(2) Don’t __________ (fight). = No __________ (fight).
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">14. 不要迟到:Don’t arrive late. = Don’t be late. (arrive = be)
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">上课/上学不要迟到:Don’t arrive (be) late for class/school.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">15. 主语省略(无主语):Don’t arrive late for class.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">主语不省略(有主语):We can’t arrive ;ate for class.