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ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词或代词进行解释或补充说明,这个名词(或其它形式)就是同位语。同位语与被它限定的词的格式要一致,并常常紧挨在一起。下面小编给大家分享一些高中英语同位语的知识,希望能够帮助大家,欢迎阅读!
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ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">用法
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词或代词进行修饰,限定或说明,这个名词(或其它形式)就是同位语。同位语与被它限定的词的格式要一致,并常常紧挨在一起。同位语从句即重复说明同一个称谓或事件的从句。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">1、名词作同位语
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">Mr Wang, my child’s teacher,will be visiting us on Tuesday.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">王先生,我孩子的老师,星期二要来看我们。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">(在这里'my child's teacher'做同位语修饰'Mr Wang')
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">2、短语作同位语
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">I, the oldest girl in the family, always had to care for the other children.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">我,作为家里最大的女孩,总是要照料家中的其他孩子。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">3、直接引语作同位语
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">But now the question comes to their minds,“Did she die young because she was a clone?”
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">但是现在他们不得不思考这样的问题:“多莉早死是因为它是一只克隆羊吗?”
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">4、句子作同位语
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great lakes.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">巨大的海轮可以开到五大湖,让表姐妹俩感到吃惊。
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ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">固定用法
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">同位语部分是个句子,就是同位语从句,这种用法比较"固定"。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">1、在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面,用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">I heard the news that our team had won.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">我听到了我们队获胜的消息。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">2、可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news,idea,fact,promise,question,doubt,thought,hope,message,suggestion,words(消息),possibility,decision等(一般的“抽象”名词都可用)。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">I’ve come from Mr wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">我从王先生那里来,他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">3、英语中引导同位语从句的词通常有连词that,whether,连接代词what,who。连接副词how,when,where等。(注:if不能引导同位语从句。)
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">He must answer the question whether he agrees with it or not.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">4、有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面,而被别的词隔开。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">他突然想起敌人可能已经逃出城了。
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ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">引导词
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">同位语从句的引导词,引导同位语从句的词语通常有连词that,whether,连接代词和连接副词等。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">1、that引导
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">that连接从句时从句为一个句意完整的陈述句。that不能省略,没有具体的意思,不充当句子成分,只起连接作用。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">(注:引导同位语从句的that不能省略)
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">你认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的。(作idea的同位语)
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">【注意1】在某些名词(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">有一项建议是布朗应该离队。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">【注意2】引导同位语从句的连词that通常不省略,但在非正式文体中也可以省去。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">He grabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">他拿起了手提箱,给人的印象是他要登上飞往东京的飞机了。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">2、whether引导
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">(注:if不能引导同位语从句)
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">The question whether we should call in a specialist was answered by the family doctor.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">我们是否请专家由家庭医生来定。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">【注意】whether 可引导同位语从句,但if不能引导同位语从句。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">3、连接代词what,who,whom,whose引导
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">1).I have no idea what size shoes she wears.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">我不知道她穿几号的鞋。(what作定语)
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">2).The question who will take his place is still not clear. (who作主语)
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">4、连接副词when,where,how,why引导
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">到哪儿去度暑假,这个问题我们还没有决定。