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ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容,广大初中学生在实际运用时,往往对时态总是倍感棘手,下面小编给大家分享一些英语时态知识点,希望能够帮助大家,欢迎阅读!
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ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">般现在时:
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">时间状语:
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">否定形式:①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">一般疑问句:①把be动词放于句首;②用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">一般过去时:
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">否定形式:①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">一般疑问句:①was或were放于句首;②用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词。
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ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">现在进行时:
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">时间状语:now, at this time, these days, etc.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">基本结构:am/is/are+doing
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">否定形式:am/is/are+not+doing.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">过去进行时:
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">时间状语:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">基本结构:was/were+doing
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">否定形式:was/were + not + doing.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">一般疑问句:把was或were放于句首
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ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">现在完成时:
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">时间状语:recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">基本结构:have/has + done
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">否定形式:have/has + not +d one.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">一般疑问句:have或has。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">过去完成时:
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">时间状语:before, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">基本结构:had + done.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">否定形式:had + not + done.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">一般疑问句:had放于句首。
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ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">一般将来时:
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">基本结构:①am/is/are/going to + do;②will/shall + do.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">否定形式:①was/were + not; ②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">一般疑问句:①be放于句首;②will/shall提到句首。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">过去将来时:
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">时间状语:the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">基本结构:①was/were/going to + do;②would/should + do.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">否定形式:①was/were/not + going to + do;②would/should + not + do.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">一般疑问句:①was或were放于句首;②would/should 提到句首。
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ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">种常见时态的相互转换
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">一、一般过去时与现在完成时的转换
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">在现在完成时中,延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用,瞬间动词却不能。但是,可用别的表达方式:①瞬间动词用于“一段时间 + ago”的一般过去时的句型中;②瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语,与一段时间连用;③瞬间动词用于“It is + 一段时间 + since + 一般过去时”的句型中,表示“自从……以来有……时间”的意思,主句一般用it is来代替It has been;④瞬间动词用于“Some time has passed since + 一般过去时”的句型中。请看:
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">A. He joined the League two years ago.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">B. He has been in the League for two years.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">C. It is two years since he joined the League.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">D. Two years has passed since he joined the League.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">二、一般现在时与现在进行时的转换
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">在一般现在时中,at加上名词表示“处于某种状态”,如at work(在工作), at school(上学、上课)等。此短语可与进行时态转换。请看:
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">Peter is at work, but Mike is at play.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">Peter is working, but Mike is playing.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">三、现在进行时与一般将来时的转换
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">在现在进行时态中go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语连用表示将要发生的动作。如:I am coming, Mum! 意为“我就来,妈妈!”请看:
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">The train is leaving soon.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">The train will leave soon.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">四、“be going to+动词原形”与“will(shall)+动词原形”结构的转换
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">“be going to+动词原形”、表示打算、计划要做的事;将来时“will(shall)+动词原形”结构在书面语中,当主语为第一人称时,常用助动词shall。在口语中,所有人称都可以用will。请看:
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">We are going to visit the Great Wall next Sunday.
ndent: 2em; text-align: left;">We shall visit the Great Wall next Sunday